The First Database on Ruminants

The application efficacy of feed-derived natural plants in ruminants lacks comprehensive evaluation and related targets and enrichment analysis. A specific reference for ruminant species is needed.

Ruminant Species Target

Mechanism and Applied Research Support

Rapid Development of NPs Alternatives

Similarity comparison and Prediction

Feed-derived Natural Plant Ruminant Database

The Value and Significance of Database
1

Conducted big data analysis for the first time with five ruminant species as the primary research focus.

2

Established the first comprehensive database of feed-derived natural plants, functional components, action targets, and biological functions, along with a searchable database verified through three rounds of validation.

3

Addressed, for the first time, the challenges of data fragmentation, scarcity, and database construction for 117 feed-derived natural plants.

4

Developed a fully de novo data reliability verification algorithm, avoiding validation inaccuracies caused by repeated database referencing.

5

Achieved top-down and bottom-up searches for the functionality of feed-derived natural plants.

6

Provided a research foundation for characterizing feed-derived natural plants in specific species and for discovering new functional feed-derived natural plants and components targeting specific functions in these species

The latest information of feed natural plant ruminant database

The research on forage natural plants is booming and has great development prospects.

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (No. 1773)

In the 2013 "Feed Ingredient Catalog" (No. 1773) issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 115 natural feed-derived plants with pharmaceutical functions, such as Ligusticum chuanxiong and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, were approved for long-term inclusion in animal diets as feed ingredients.

Crude Extracts of Feed-derived Plants

The "Feed Ingredient Catalog" explicitly states that crude extracts of feed-derived plants can also be used as feed ingredients for long-term inclusion in animal diets to improve animal production performance and health.

Technical Guidelines for Green Agricultural Development

The Technical Guidelines for Green Agricultural Development (2018–2030) issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs emphasize the development of new feed additives, such as efficient plant extracts.

New Products of Plant Extract-Based Feed Additives

In 2023, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs officially released guidelines to encourage the development of new products of plant extract-based feed additives. Based on the 226 announcement, plant extracts were classified as a distinct category, with specific documentation requirements established to evaluate and register these products separately.

Illicium Verum

Illicium verum

Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Illicium verum Hook. of Illicium genus in Magnoliaceae.

Lablab Purpureus

Lablab purpureus

Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Lablab Adans in Leguminosae.

Lilium

Lilium

Gansu Lanzhou, Hunan Yongzhou, Yunnan Lijiang, and other regions.

The dried fleshy scales of Lilium thunbergii (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Lilium browniii F.E. Brown var. Viridulum Baker or Lilium pumilum DC.

Paeonia Lactiflora

Paeonia lactiflora

Shandong Heze, Anhui Bozhou, and other regions.

Dry roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. of Paeoniasubfamily Ranunculaceae.

Atractylodes Macrocephala

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz

Zhejiang Chun'an, Anhui Xuancheng, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Atrctylodes macrocephala Koidz. of Atractylodes in Compositae.

Platycladus Orientalis

Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco

Hebei, Jiangsu, Henan, and other regions.

Dry and mature seed kernel of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, a plant of the genus Platycladus, Cupressaceae.

Mentha

Mentha

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, and other regions.

The dry aerial parts of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. of the genus Mentha in Labiatae.

Psoralea Corylifolia

Psoralea corylifolia

Henan Luoyang, Hebei Xingtai, Shandong Heze, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Psoralea corylifolia L. in Leguminosae.

Atractylis Lancea

Atractylodes macrocephala

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. or Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz.

Platycladus Orientalis

Ligustrum lucidum Ait.

Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry shoots and leaves of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, a plant of the genus Platycladus in the family Cupressaceae.

Plantago Major

Plantago major

Yunnan, Guizhou, and other regions.

Plantago asiatica L. or Plantago depressa Willd. is the dry whole grass of Plantago asiatica L. or Plantago depressa Willd.

Plantago Psyllium

Plantago ovata

Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and other regions.

Plantago asiatica L. or Plantago depressa Willd. is the dried and mature seed of Plantago asiatica L.

Red Peony Root

Paeonia lactiflora

Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, and other regions.

Dry roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or Paeonia veitchii Lynch of Paeonia genus of Ranunculaceae.

Chuan Xiong

Angelica sinensis

Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. of Umbelliferae.

Eleutherococcus Senticosus

Eleutherococcus senticosus

Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and other regions.

The dried roots, rhizomes or stems of Acanthopanax senticosus (rupr. et maxim.) Harms of Araliaceae.

Cirsium Japonicum

Silybum marianum

Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and other regions.

Dry aerial parts of Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. of Cirsium japonicum in Compositae.

Light Soybean Paste

Glycine max(Linn.)Merr. var. saccharatus

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

Fermented products of mature seeds of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) in Leguminosae.

Bamboo leaves

Sinocalamus affinis

Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry stems and leaves of Lophatherum gracile Brongn. of Gramineae.

Angelica

Angelica sinensis

Sichuan, Gansu, Hubei, and other regions.

Dry roots of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, a genus of Umbelliferae.

Codonopsis Pilosula

Panax ginseng

Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and other regions.

Dry roots of Codonopsis pilosula (France.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. Var. Modesta (Nannf.) L.T. Shen, or Codonopsis tangshen Oliv. of Codonopsis of Campanulaceae.

Dikuduo

Agrimonia pilosa

All over China, especially in the North China, East China, and South China regions.

Dry root bark of Lycium chinense Mill. or Lycium barbarum L. of Lycium genus of Solanaceae.

Clove

Syzygium aromaticum

Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and other regions.

The dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry in Myrtaceae.

Eucommia

Eucommia ulmoides

Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and other regions.

Dry bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. of Eucommiaceae.

Eucommia Leaves

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, and other regions.

Dried leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. of Eucommiaceae.

Chinese Yew

Torreya grandis

Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Torreya grandis Fort. of torreya genus in Taxaceae.

Buddha's Hand

Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis

Yunnan, Guangxi, Fujian, and other regions.

The dried fruit of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Noot.) Swingle.

Poria

Poria cocos

Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry sclerotia of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, a fungus of Poria genus of Polyporaceae.

Licorice

Glycyrrhiza glabra

Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, and other regions.

Dry roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L. of Leguminosae.

Dried Ginger

Zingiber officinale

Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. of Zingiberaceae.

Alpinia Galanga

Zingiber officinale

Yunnan, Guangdong, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance of Alpinia of Zingiberaceae.

Pueraria Lobata

Pueraria lobata

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

The dried roots of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi in Leguminosae.

Goji Berries

Lycium barbarum

Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Lycium chinense Mill. or Lycium barbarum L. in Solanaceae.

Rhizoma Drynariae

Rhizoma Drynariae

Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Drynaria (Davallia mariesii Moore ex Bak.) of Drynaria of Drynaria.

Lotus Leaf

Nelumbo nucifera

Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and other regions.

Dried leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. of Nelumbo, Nelumbo subfamily of Nymphaeaceae.

Hawthorn

Ziziphus jujuba

Widely cultivated in northern China.

The dried and mature fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. or terminalia chebula retz. var. tomentella (kurz) C. B. Clarke.

Black Sesame

Sesamum indicum

Hunan, Jiangsu, Anhui, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Sesamum L., a plant of the genus Sesamum, Linaceae.

Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola rosea

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Altai Mountains, the Himalayas, and other regions.

The dried roots and rhizomes of Rhodiola crenulata (hook.f. et thoms.) H. OHBA, a plant of Rhodiola of Crassulaceae.

Magnolia Officinalis

Magnolia officinalis

Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry dry bark, root bark and branch bark of Magnolia officinalis (Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils.) or Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba (Rehd. et wils.) Cheng. of Magnoliaceae.

Magnolia Flower

Magnolia officinalis

Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and other regions.

Dry flower buds of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. or Magnolia Officinalis subsp. biloba (Rehd. et wils.) cheng. of Magnoliaceae.

Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum

Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum L., a leguminous plant.

Sichuan Pepper

Zanthoxylum simulans

Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and other regions.

Dry and mature pericarp of Zanthoxylum schinifolium sieb. et zucc. or Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim of Rutaceae.

Hui Jiao

Sophora japonica

Shandong, Henan, Hebei, and other regions.

Dry ripe fruit of Sophora japonica L. in Leguminosae.

Huang Jing

Polygonatum sibiricum

Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Polygonatum kingianum coll. et hemsl., Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. or Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua of Polygonatum of Liliaceae.

Astragalus Membranaceus

Astragalus membranaceus

Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, and other regions.

Dry roots of Leguminosae Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) bge. var. Mongolicus (bge.) hsiao) or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) bge.

Agastache Rugosa

Agastache rugosa

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, and other regions.

The dry aerial parts of Agastache rugosa (Fisch. Etmey.) o.ktze, a plant of the genus Agastache in Labiatae.

Centella Asiatica

Laggera alata

Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and other regions.

Dry whole grass of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. of Centella asiatica in Umbelliferae.

Turmeric

Curcuma longa

Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Curcuma longa L., a plant of Curcuma L. of Zingiberaceae.

Gynostemma Pentaphyllum

Vicia faba

Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, and other regions.

Gynostemma of Cucurbitaceae (Gynostemma? Bl.) plants.

Platycodon Grandiflorus

Platycodon grandiflorus

Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, and other regions.

Dry roots of Platycodon grandiflorus (JACQ.) A.DC., a plant of the genus Platycodon of Campanulaceae.

Job's Tears

Fagopyrum esculentum

Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D. Don) Hara, a plant of Fagopyrum of Polygonaceae.

Honeysuckle

Lonicera japonica

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

The dried buds or flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. of Caprifoliaceae.

Golden Cherry

Prunus cerasoides

Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Rosa laevigata Michx. of Rosaceae.

Chive Seeds

Allium tuberosum

Across China, especially in northern regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng. of Allium in Liliaceae.

Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum

Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and other regions.

Dry flower heads of Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel. in Compositae.

Orange Peel

Citrus reticulata

Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, and other regions.

Mature pericarp of Citrus Reticulata Blanco and its cultivated varieties in Rutaceae.

Jujube Seeds

Cassia obtusifolia

Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, and other regions.

The dried and mature seeds of Cassia tora L. in Leguminosae.

Radish Seeds

Brassica napus

Heilongjiang, Hebei, Henan, and other regions.

The dried and mature seeds of Raphanus sativus L., a radish plant in Cruciferae.

Lotus Seeds

Nelumbo nucifera

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. of Nelumbo, Nelumbo subfamily of Nymphaeaceae.

Aloe Vera

Aloe vera

Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

Leaves of Aloe barbadensis Miller, a plant of Aloe genus in Liliaceae. Also known as "old aloe".

Siraitia Grosvenorii

Siraitia grosvenorii

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yongfu County, Guilin City.

The dried fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et z.y. Zhang, a plant of Momordica in Cucurbitaceae.

Purslane

Portulaca oleracea

All over China.

Dry aerial parts of Portulaca oleracea L., a plant of Portulaceae.

Ophiopogon

Ophiopogon japonicus

Sichuan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and other regions.

Dried root tuber of Ophiopogon japonicus (L.F.) ker-gavl. in Ophiopogon of Liliaceae.

Rosa

Rosa rugosa

Shandong Pingyin, Gansu Yongdeng, Yunnan Kunming, and other regions.

The dried flower buds of Rosa rugosa Thunb. of Rosaceae.

Papaya

Carica papaya

Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and other regions.

Dry near-mature fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai. of Chaenomeles genus in Rosaceae.

Mugwort

Aucklandia lappa

Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and other regions.

Dry roots of Radix Aucklandiae (Dolomiaea souliei (Franch.) Shih) in Compositae.

Burdock Seed

Arctium lappa

Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Arctium lappa L., a plant of Arctium in Compositae.

Ligustrum Fruit

Ligustrum lucidum

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. in Oleaceae.

Dandelion

Taraxacum officinale

All over China.

Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand. Mazz.) of Compositae, Taraxacum borealisinense Kitam. or dried whole grass of several plants.

Maca

Pueraria montana var. lobata

Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, and other regions.

The dried pollen of Typha angustifolia L. and Typha orientalis Presl of Typha family or the same genus.

Madder

Rubia cordifolia

Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

The dried roots and rhizomes of Rubia cordifolia L. of Rubiaceae.

Green Tangerine Peel

Citrus reticulata blanco var. viridis

Fujian Yongchun, Guangdong Chaozhou, Guangxi Chongzuo, and other regions.

The pericarp of dried young fruit or immature fruit of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivated varieties in Rutaceae.

Ginseng

Panax ginseng

Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and other regions.

Dry roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng C.A.mey. of Araliaceae.

Ginseng Leaves

Panax ginseng

Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and other regions.

Dried leaves of Panax ginseng C.A.mey. of Araliaceae.

Nutmeg

Myristica fragrans

Nanning, Guangxi; Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, and other regions.

Dry kernel of Myristica fragrans Houtt. of Myristica.

Mulberry Root Bark

Morus alba

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, and other regions.

Dry root bark of Morus alba L. of Moraceae.

Mulberries

Morus alba

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, and other regions.

Dry ear of Morus alba L. of Moraceae.

Mulberry Leaves

Morus alba

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, and other regions.

Dry leaves of Morus alba L. of Moraceae.

Mulberry B

Morus alba L.

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, and other regions.

Dry shoots of Morus alba L. of Moraceae.

Sea buckthorn

Hippophae rhamnoides

Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Hippophae rhamnoides L. of Elaeagnaceae.

Yam

Dioscorea opposita

Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, and other regions.

The dried rhizome of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. of Dioscorea of Dioscoreaceae.

Hawthorn

Crataegus pinnatifida

Shandong, Hebei, Henan, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. Major n.e.br. or Crataegus pinnatifid a bge. of Crataegus of Rosaceae.

Cornus Officinalis

Lycium barbarum

Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, and other regions.

The dried and mature pulp of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. of Cornaceae.

Ginger

Zingiber officinale

Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, and other regions.

Fresh rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. of Zingiberaceae.

Cimicifuga

Cimicifuga foetida L.

Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Jilin, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Cimicifuga (Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom.), Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. or Cimicifuga foetida L. of Cimicifuga of Ranunculaceae.

Polygonum Multiflorum

Polygonum multiflorum

Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, and other regions.

Dry vine stem of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) Harald. of Polygonaceae.

Tamarind

Tamarindus indica

Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

The fruit of tamarindus indica L. of Leguminosae.

Sour jujube Seed

Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F. Chou

Shandong, Hebei, Henan, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Ziziphus jujuba mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Huex H.F. Chow.

Asparagus Root

Asparagus cochinchinensis

Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, and other regions.

Dry root tuber of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. of Asparagus in Liliaceae.

Poria Cocos

Wolfiporia extensa

Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Smilax glabra Roxb. of Smilax in Liliaceae.

Cuscuta

Semen Cuscutae

Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and other regions.

Dry and mature seeds of Cuscuta australis R. Br. or Cuscuta chinensis Lam. of Cuscuta of Convolvulaceae.

Acanthopanax

Eleutherococcus senticosus

Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and other regions.

Dry root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W. Smith of Araliaceae.

Prunus Mume

Prunus mume

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other regions.

Dry near-mature fruit of Prunus armenia (Prunus L.) in Rosaceae.

Schisandra

Schisandra chinensis

All regions across China.

The dried and mature fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. of Schisandra of Magnoliaceae.

Rhizome of Imperata

Imperata cylindrica

Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, and other regions.

The fresh rhizome of Imperata cylindrica (L.)Beauv. in the Gramineae.

Cyperus Rotundus

Acorus calamus

Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan, and other regions.

The dried rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L. of Cyperaceae.

Elsholtzia

Perilla frutescens

Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and other regions.

The dried aerial parts of Mosla chinensis Maxim. or Mosla chinensis 'Jiangxiangru' of Mosla chinensis in Labiatae.

Cirsium

Cirsium setosum

Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong, and other regions.

Dry aerial parts of Cirsium setosum (willd.) MB. of Cirsium setosum in Compositae.

Allium Fistulosum

Allium macrostemon

Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, and other regions.

Allium macrostemon Bunge. or Allium macrostemon Bunge? The dried bulb of Allium chinense G. Don.

Black Locust

Robinia pseudoacacia

Shandong, Hebei, Henan, and other regions.

The flower of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Leguminosae can be dried and crushed.

Poplar Flowers

Populus deltoides

Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and other regions.

Flowers of Populus L. of Salicaceae can be dried and crushed.

Wild Chrysanthemum

Matricaria chamomilla

Gansu, Hebei, Shanxi, and other regions.

The dried flower heads of Dendranthema indicum L., a chrysanthemum plant in Compositae.

Yimucao

Leonurus japonicus

Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, and other regions.

The fresh or dried aerial parts of Leonurus artemisia (Lour.) S. Y. Hu, a plant of Leonurus genus in Labiatae.

Job's Tears

Coix lacryma-jobi

Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, and other regions.

Dry and mature seed kernel of Coix lacryma-jobi L., a plant of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

Amomum

Bacopa monnieri

Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and other regions.

The dried and mature fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. of Alpinia of Zingiberaceae.

Ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba

Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang, Huangshan in Anhui, Emei Mountain in Sichuan, and other regions.

Dried leaves of Ginkgo biloba L., a plant of Ginkgoaceae.

Houttuynia Cordata

Houttuynia cordata

Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, and other regions.

Fresh whole grass or dry aerial parts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. of the genus Houttuynia of Saururaceae.

Yu Zhu

Polygonatum sibiricum

All regions across China.

Dry rhizome of Polygonatum odoratum (mill.) Druce in Polygonatum of Liliaceae.

Polygala

Polygala tenuifolia

Jilin, Hebei, Shaanxi, and other regions.

The dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. or Polygala sibirica L., a plant of Polygala tenuifolia of Polygala family.

Kumquat

Fortunella japonica

Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and other regions.

The fruit or leaf of Vaccinium L. in Ericaceae.

Lysimachia

Nasturtium officinale

Across China, including the Yangtze River Basin, the Yellow River Basin, and the southern coastal regions.

The dry aerial parts of Lycopus lucidus turcz. var. hirtus regel, a plant belonging to the genus Lycopus in Labiatae.

Alisma

Alisma plantago-aquatica

All regions across China.

The dried tuber of Alisma orinentale (Samuel.) Juz. of Alisma of Alismataceae.

He Shou Wu

Polygonum multiflorum

The Yangtze River Basin and the South China region of China.

Processed products of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

Anemarrhena

Anemarrhena asphodeloides

Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and other regions.

Dry immature fruits of Citrus aurantium L. of Rutaceae and its cultivated varieties.

Zhi Ke

Aurantii Fructus Immaturus

Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, and other regions.

Dry rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. of Anemarrhena in Liliaceae.

Perilla Leaves

Perilla frutescens

Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and other regions.

Dry leaves (or shoots) of Perilla frutescens(L.)Britt., a plant of the genus Perilla in Labiatae.

Green Tea

Camellia sinensis

Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, and other regions.

Taking the new leaves or buds of tea trees as raw materials, the products are made by processes such as enzyme fixation, shaping and drying without fermentation.

Rosemary

Rosmarinus officinalis

Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong, and other regions.

Dried stems, leaves or flowers of Rosmarinus officinalis of Rosmarinus of Labiatae.

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